しシ
| 事案 | case |
| その事案について権限ある当局に申立てる present the case to the competent authority →事件 | |
| ジェプソンクレ−ム | Jepson claim:最初に従来技術や上位概念を記載した前提部を記載し、その後に発明の特徴部分を記載する形式のクレーム。一般的に「...において、...を特徴とする...」形式 →プリアンブル |
| 資格 | qualification |
| 資格を与える | to qualify |
| 資格認定試験 | qualifying examination |
| 時間報酬(制) | time charge, hourly rate charge:米国の弁護士、弁理士などが採用している費用請求の基準 |
| 識別子 | identifier (block bracket 【0001】,【式1】など) (化1) 【Chemical 1】, (数1) 【Mathematical 1】, (表1) 【Table 1】, (外1)【Non-Standard 1】 |
| 識別力、識別性 | distinctiveness, distinctive character |
| 識別力を有する標章 | distinctive mark |
| 識別力を欠く商標 | trademark lacking distinctiveness |
| 商標の識別力 | distinctive character of a trademark |
| 商標の識別力を生じる部分 | distinctive element of a trademark →顕著性 |
| 軸の、軸方向の | axial、cf. 放射方向の(radial) |
| 事件 | case |
| 事件の表示 | indication of the case |
| Itoh事件 | Itoh case |
| 係属中の事件 | pending case, case at bar(裁判に係属) |
| 民事事件 | civil case |
| 事件記録簿 | docket |
| 事件番号 | case No. |
| 施行 | enforcement, to come into operation |
| 施行法 | Enforcement Law, Law for Enforcement、例 特許法施行法Patent Law Enforcement Law |
| 施行令 | Cabinet Order for Enforcement, Enforcement Order 例 特許法施行令 Patent Law Enforcement
Order |
| 施行規則 | Enforcement Regulations (of the Patent Law), Regulation for Enforcement,
implementing regulations |
| 自己指定 | self designation:国内出願に基づいて国際出願(PCT出願)をした場合、国際出願に当該国内出願の国を指定することに係わる問題。指定した場合、同一発明について同一国で2出願が並存することになる(PCT
8b) |
| 自己衝突 | self-collision:自己の先願により拒絶されること |
| 事項 | matter |
| 特定事項に関する | to relate to a particular matter |
| 方式事項 | formality matter |
| 記録事項 | matter of record |
| 新規事項 | new matter |
| 欠くことができない事項 | matter indispensable |
| 時効 | time limitation, prescription |
| 〜の場合時効は中断する | The prescription shall be interrupted if.. |
| 時効期間 | limitation period |
| 示唆 | suggestion |
| 審査官の示唆による補正 | amendment suggested by the Examiner |
| 試作品 | prototype, trial model |
| 指示 | instructions |
| 拒絶理由に対する応答の指示 | instructions on the response to the Office Action |
| 事実 | fact |
| 事実の確認 | establishment of facts |
| 事実を証明する | prove facts |
| 事実を歪める | distort facts, misrepresent facts |
| 事実上の | factual, de facto; cf. de jure(法律上の) |
| 事実上の契約 | de facto contract |
| 事実上の標準 | de facto standard |
| 自然 | nature |
| 自然の力 | nature force |
| 自然法則 | law of nature |
| 自然人 | natural person; cf. juristic person (法人) |
| 自然物 | product of nature, natural product |
| 自然の化学物質 | a naturally occurring chemical substance |
| の場合には自然物に対応する合成物質は特許性がある a synthesized substance corresponding to a naturally occurring substance will be patentable if |
|
| 思想 | idea, thought |
| 技術的思想 | technical idea (utilizing natural laws) |
| 実体的な、実質的な | substantive |
| 実体審査 | substantive examination, examination as to substance:方式、形式審査(formality
examination)に対する用語 |
| 実体的な条件 | substantive condition |
| 特許性の実体的条件 | substantive conditions of patentability |
| 実体法 | substantive law |
| 特許実体法 | substantive patent law |
| 実体審査官 | substance examiner |
| 事件の実体判決 | decision on the substance of the case |
| 示談 | out-of-court settlement, private settlement |
| 示談にする | to settle a case out of court |
| 示談金 | a composition (和解) |
| 質権 | pledge |
| 質権の設定 | creation of a pledge |
| 持分について質権を設定 | to create a pledge with his share |
| 質権者 | pledgee |
| 実現可能性 | feasibility |
| 実現可能な | feasible |
| 実験 | experiment, test |
| 実験データ | experimental data |
| 効果あるいは利点を比較実験データにより証明 to prove the effects or advantages by means of comparative experimental data |
|
| 失効 | lapse |
| 失効する | to lapse, to become null and void |
| 失効した特許 | lapsed patent |
| 実施 | working, implementation, exploitation |
| 実施する | to work (a patented invention), to exploit (an invention), to put into
effect, to carry out, putting an invention into practice |
| 実施可能な | feasible, practicable |
| 当業者が容易にその実施をすることができる a person skilled in the art can easily effect the working thereof |
|
| 業として実施 | working as a business, commercial working |
| 名目上の実施 | nominal working |
| 実施規則 [規定] | Implementing Regulations, regulations of execution |
| 実施契約 | license agreement |
| (発明の)実施化(具体化) | reduction to practice:発明が具体的に完成すること(米国において発明完成の要件の一つ) |
| 実施できない概念の特許、ペーパーパテント | a patent on an idea which cannot be reduced practice = paper patent |
| 実施目的 | working purpose |
| 実施料、ライセンス料 | license fee →実施権、→実施許諾、→実施契約 |
| 実施可能性調査 | right-to-practice search:特定の製品や方法を既存の特許などの権利に触れることなく実施できるか否かの調査 |
| 実施可能性要件 | (米) enablement requirement:米国出願における記載要件のひとつ。実施可能な程度の開示(enabling disclosure)、則ち当業者が実施できる程度に発明を開示していなければならないとする明細書の記載要件(35USC
112-1) |
| 実施許諾 | license |
| 実施許諾者、ライセンサー | licenser, licensor |
| 実施権被許諾者(ライセンス許諾を受ける側)、ライセンシー licensee, grantee |
|
| 許諾実施権 | license by agreement |
| 実施権許諾者は一般に契約を長期に、被許諾者は短期にすることを望む A licensor usually wants the agreement to extend for a long term, whereas a licensee desires a relatively short term |
|
| 実施権許諾者と被許諾者との関係をラベルに記載 state on the label the relationship between the licenser and licensee |
|
| 実施許諾用意あり | willingness to grant licenses →実施権、→実施契約 |
| 実施契約 | license agreement |
| 実施許諾契約(書)、ライセンス契約 | license[licensing] agreement |
| 包括的実施契約 | package license, blanket license →実施権、→実施許諾 |
| 実施権 | license, right of exploitation |
| 専用実施権 | exclusive license |
| 通常実施権 | non-exclusive license, ordinary license |
| 実施権者 | licensee, license holder |
| 実施権を設定する | to establish a license |
| 許諾実施権 | license by agreement |
| 実施権許諾契約草案 | proposed license agreement |
| 実施(権)料 | royalty, license duty |
| 実施権の登録 | registration of license |
| 実施権契約期間 | duration of license agreement |
| 実施権の設定登録 | registration of grant of license, registration of license agreement |
| 実施権を望む人 | person desiring license |
| 実施権付与を拒否 | to refuse to grant license |
| 特許が登録された後、実施権を登録することができる A license can be registered after a patent is registered |
|
| 実施権が登録されている場合、原簿には、期間や地域など実施権契約の内容が含まれる The patent register contains information on the term, area and so on of a license agreement if a license is recorded |
|
| 係属中の出願をふくむ実施権の登録をすることはできない Registration of a license covering a pending application cannot be effected →実施許諾、→実施契約 |
|
| 実施態様 | embodiment →実施例 |
| 実質的な | substantial, material |
| 本出願の実質的な経過 | substantial history of the present application |
| 実質審査 | substance examination |
| 相手方当事者の義務を実質的に変更 | materially change the duty of the other party |
| 実施不能 | (米) inoperativeness:発明の記載が不十分である場合の拒絶の一態様 |
| 実施不能の |
inoperative |
| 実施例 | (working) example (化学), embodiment(機械・電気), practical example |
| (データの裏づけのある)実施例; | working example; cf. prophetic example [データの裏づけのない実施例(MPEP 2164.02)]、hypothetical
example 仮説例 (working exampleが得られない場合の間に合わせ) |
| 実施例により裏付されている | backed up by a working example |
| 分割に関わる記載及び実施例を削除する | to delete description and examples pertaining to the divisional |
| 不足していた実施例を追加する補正は却下 | an amendment filed to add missing working examples will be dismissed |
| 実施例を欠いた化合物はクレームから削除 | a compound for which there is no example should be deleted from the claim |
| 実施例の追加はできない | it is not possible to add working examples (later for the unexemplified
compound) |
| 最良の結果をもたらす最良の態様と考えられる実施例 examples as believed to be the best modes bringing about the best results |
|
| (参)クレーム記載の発明の実施に関わる実施例をworking example, そうでなく発明の理解に必要などの理由で提示する実施例をreference
example(参考例)、→参考例 |
|
| 実施料、ロイヤルティ | license fee, royalty |
| 実施料率 | royalty rate |
| 特許実施料, 特許使用料 | patent royalty |
| 適正実施料 | reasonable royalty |
| 評価の確立した実施料 | established royalty |
| 大抵の契約における実施料は特許で保護される装置の税抜き価格について2ないし6% The royalty in most agreements ranges from 2 to 6% of the tax-free price of the equipment covered by the patent |
|
| ロイヤルティ計算に関する実施権者の帳票類を検査 to inspect books and account of the licensee relative to the royalty calculation →実施権、→実施契約、→実施許諾 |
|
| 質問書、質問状 | interrogatory →尋問 |
| 実用の | utilitarian |
| 実用的機能 | utilitarian function |
| 実用的価値 | utilitarian value |
| 実用性 | possibility of reduction to practice, practical applicability |
| 実用新案 | utility model |
| 実用新案登録出願 | utility model application, application for utility model registration |
| 実用新案登録請求の範囲 | scope of claim for utility model registration |
| 実用新案権 | a utility model right |
| 実用新案権の権利期間は出願日から僅か6年しかない a utility model right lasts only six years from the filing date |
|
| 実用新案のクレームは一つの実施態様の着想、則ち一つの装置とその応用例に限定される the claim of a utility model is limited to the idea of one embodiment, i.e., one device and its modifications |
|
| 実用新案制度は、小企業の所有者や労働者にある刺激を与えている the utility model system gives some incentive to owners and workers in small enterprises |
|
| 実用新案(ドイツ語) Gebrauchsmuster:ドイツの実用新案出願は、方式審査を経て直ちに登録される。実体審査や異議申立制度なし。存続期間は出願日から3年。最長10年間更新可/実用新案証(フランスの実用新案)certificat d'utilite, →実用新案技術評価書 |
|
| 実用新案技術評価書 | Examiner's technical opinion (as to the registability of utility model),
u. m. search report |
| 技術評価書は、各クレームについて、先行文献に対する新規性ならびに進歩性及び先願の全文に対する新規性に関する審査官の評価を原則として含む The U.M. search report contains in principle Examiner's opinion on novelty and inventive step over prior publications, novelty over the whole contents of earlier applications, etc., for each claim →実用新案 |
|
| 指定 | designation |
| 指定する | to designate (a time limit for a procedure) |
| 指定期間 | time limit (designated in accordance with the law) |
| 指定国 | designated state |
| 指定官庁 | designated Office |
| 指定手数料 | designation fee |
| しなかった | failure (to) |
| 遵守できなかった理由 | reasons for the failure to comply with |
| 応答期間内に応答しない場合 | failure to respond within the period for response (will cause the application
to become abandoned) |
| この条に定める義務の不履行 | failure in the duties and obligations provided in this article |
| 自白 | admission |
| 裁判上の自白 | judicial admission; cf. confession(刑事上の)自白 |
| 司法の | judicial |
| 司法制度 | judicial system |
| 司法手続 | judicial proceedings |
| 司法手続によらない | extrajudicial |
| 司法書士 | judicial scrivener →裁判の |
| 自明(進歩性がないこと) | obvious, self-evident |
| クレーム4は先行技術から自明 | Claim 4 is obvious over the prior art |
| Yに鑑みXから自明であるため拒絶(拒絶されるクレームの構成要件のほとんどがXの引例にあり、足りない構成要件がYに開示されている) rejected as being obvious over X in view of Y →非自明性、→進歩性 |
|
| 自明でない | non-obvious →非自明性 |
| 斜視の | perspective |
| 斜視図 | perspective view |
| 従業者発明 | employee's invention; cf. invention in service(職務発明) |
| 終結 | conclusion (結論), termination(契約、法律関係の終了) |
| 審理終結通知 | notice of conclusion of a trial examination |
| 住所 (長期にわたって住む意志を有している場所) |
domicile, address, place of abode, legal residence (法定住所) ; cf. 居所 (residence) |
| 住所変更届 | notification of change in [of] the (applicant's) address |
| 最新住所 | the last known address |
| 商法は、本社住所を法人の住所とみなす旨規定 The Commercial Code stipulates that the address of the main office is to be regarded as the address of a juristic person |
|
| 従属クレーム(従属請求項) | dependent claim:他のクレームを引用しその内容を含み、更に限定したクレーム; cf. independent claim(独立クレーム) |
| クレーム2はクレーム1の従属項 | claim 2 is a dependant of claim 1 |
| 複数従属クレーム | multiple dependent claim 例:a machine according to claim 1 or 2; cf. single
dependency 単独従属(形式) 例:a machine according to claim 1 →クレーム |
| 縦断面図 | longitudinal section, longitudinal sectional view |
| 周知 | widely known, well-known |
| 周知商標 | well known mark |
| 周知の事実 | a matter of common knowledge, a well known fact |
| 周知の方法をただ新規の分野に適用したものに過ぎない subject matter consists only of application of a known method in a new field |
|
| 従犯 | an accessory |
| 従犯者 | an accessory, an accomplice |
| 従犯者として間接的に侵害 | for infringing indirectly as an accomplice |
| 重要な | important, material |
| 重要度 | materiality |
| 重要な主張 | material allegation |
| 重要な争点 | material issue |
| 重要でない | immaterial, 例 immaterial issue (重要でない争点) |
| 従来技術 | conventional technology, prior art, previously existing technology |
| 従来技術に優る利点 | to have an advantage over the prior art |
| 従来技術にまさることを示す実施例 | working examples to prove superiority of the invention over the prior art
→先行技術 |
| 縦覧 | public inspection |
| 重量 | weight |
| 重量パーセント | percent by weight, w/t % |
| 重量部 | part by weight, w/t part |
| 2重量部のトリシロキサンを5重量部のジシラザンに加えた 2 w/t parts of trisiloxane were added to 5 w/t parts of disilazane |
|
| 手交 | personal delivery, to hand over, to deliver |
| 拒絶理由通知を手交する | to hand over an Office Action (to the attorney for the applicant) |
| 趣旨 | gist (要旨)、meaning(意味)、object(目的)、purport (主旨) |
| 請求の趣旨 | purport of the demand |
| 規定の趣旨に違反 | to be against the intent of the provision |
| 手段 | means, measure |
| ロック手段 | (a) means for locking, (a) locking means |
| 問題を解決するための手段 | means for solving the problem |
| ある手段に訴える | to resort to a measure |
| 主張する | to allege, to argue |
| 反対意見 [賛成意見] を主張する | to argue against [for] |
| 主張されている利点 | alleged merits |
| 侵害の主張 | allegation of infringement |
| 異議申立人の主張は | The opposer asserts that |
| 出願 | application |
| 出願をする | to file an application |
| 親出願 | parent application; cf. 分割出願(divisional application) |
| 出願の要件 | requisites for applications |
| 出願の種類 | type of an application |
| 国内出願 | national filing |
| 出願の書誌事項 | filing particulars |
| 最初の出願 | original filing |
| 欧州出願 | European filing |
| 出願受領証 | (米)filing receipt |
| 出願証明書 | filing certificate |
| 本願 | present application, application concerned |
| 英語出願 | application in English |
| 外国語出願 | application in foreign language |
| もとの出願(原出願) | initial application, original application |
| 共同出願 | joint application |
| 書面出願、紙出願 | application in paper |
| 出願の法的状況 | legal status of an application |
| 単独出願 | sole application |
| 最初の出願 | first-filed application |
| 仮出願 | provisional application |
| 受理可能な出願 | acceptable application |
| 不完全出願 | incomplete application |
| 出願先 | where to file |
| 出願の必須要素 | essential elements of the application |
| 出願規定 | application regulations →出願公開、→出願書類、→出願番号、→出願日、→出願変更 |
| 出願経過 | prosecution history (of an application) |
| 出願公開 | publication before examination (of an application) |
| 出願公開された | (the application) was laid open as Kokai (Jpn. Unexamined patent publication)
No. ... cf. 特開平14-9561号 Kokai (Jpn. unexamined patent publication) No. 14-9561 →早期公開制度、→公開 |
| 出願公告 | publication after examination (of an application) |
| 出願公告された | (the application) was published (again) as Kokoku (Jpn. examined patent
publication) No. ... (for opposition purposes) |
| 出願審査請求書 | (written) request for examination →審査 |
| 出願書類 | filing documents, application papers |
| 出願書類の提出 | filing of an application |
| 出願人 | applicant |
| 出願人名義変更届 | notification of change of applicant |
| 特許出願人 | applicant for patent, patent applicant |
| 出願番号 | application[filing, serial] number |
| 出願は特許庁に到達順に番号がつけられる applications are numbered in the order of arrival at the PO |
|
| 出願日 | filing date |
| 実際の出願日 | actual filing date |
| 出願日の遡及 | retroactive effects in respect of the filing date →溯及日 |
| 出願変更 | →変更 |
| 出願料 | filing fee, application fee |
| 出訴 | institution of an action [a suit] (against a trial decision) |
| 出訴期間 | term for an action |
| 出訴する | to bring a suit (at the Tokyo High Court), to bring an action, to institute
a law suit, to take the case to (the Tokyo High Court), to file an action,
to go to law |
| 術語 | a technical term, terminology (総称) |
| クレーム前段の術語は、クレームを限定する作用をする language in a claim preamble acts as a claim limitation →用語 |
|
| 出典 | source |
| 出典目録 | indication of sources, index of sources |
| 種苗法 | Seeds and Seedlings Law |
| 主文 | text |
| 判決主文 | the text of a (court) decision |
| 主要な | primary, main, major, principal, leading, chief |
| 主要引例 | primary reference; cf. secondary reference(補助引例) |
| 主要部分 | main part |
| 主発明 | main invention |
| 主クレーム | main claim |
| 主要部分 | main part |
| 主特許 | principal patent, main patent |
| 受理 | receipt, acceptance |
| 受理手続 | acceptance procedure |
| 受理証 | receipt |
| 受理日 | date of receipt, receiving date |
| 受理の遅れ | late receipt of documents |
| 出願受理通知 | filing receipt, notice of filing number (出願番号通知) →不受理 |
| 受理官庁 | (PCT) receiving office:国際出願を受理する官庁。日本国民及び日本に居住する者の管轄受理官庁は日本特許庁 |
| 受理官庁用写し | home copy(PCT) |
| 受領 | →受理 |
| 準 | quasi |
| 準契約 | quasi contract |
| 准成年被後見人(準禁治産者) | quasi incompetent person |
| 準拠 | based on |
| 準拠して | to conform to, to follow, in conformity to, in accordance with |
| 準拠法 | governing law |
| 遵守する | to observe |
| 国際慣行を遵守しなければならない | the rules of international practice shall be observed |
| 期限を遵守する | to observe a time limit |
| 準備書面 | preliminary statement, brief |
| 第一回準備書面 | Preparatory Document (First) |
| 準用する | to apply mutatis mutandis |
| 本規定は利益についても準用するものとする | the provisions shall extend to interests |
| の手続に準用する | shall apply mutatis mutandis to the proceedings of (=apply correspondingly
to the proceedings of) |
| 条、条文 | Article, Section, Art., Sec. |
| 29条2項 | Article 29, paragraph 2; Art. 29, para.2; Art. 29-2, Art. 29 (2), Sec.
29 (2) |
| 29条1項3号 | Article 29, paragraph 1, item 3 |
| 29条1項柱書き(本文) | the body of Article 29, Paragraph 1 |
| 29条1項但し書き | the proviso to[of] Article 29, Paragraph 1 |
| 特許法29条の2 | Article 29-bis [Art. 29-bis] of the Patent Law |
| 184条の3 | (Art. 184 ter)、の4(quarter)、の5(quinquies)、の6(sexies)、の7(septies)、の8(octies)、の9(novies)、の10(decies) |
| 第3条に規定されるように | as referred to in Article 3 |
| 30条によって | pursuant to Art. 30, under Art. 30 |
| 上位概念 | generic (broader) concept, super-ordinate conception cf. subordinate conception (下位概念) |
| 障害 | bar, obstacle, obstruction, barrier, impediment |
| 特許取得の障害となる | serve as a bar to patent |
| 日本で特許を得るための障害 | a bar to obtain a patent inJapan |
| 新規性の障害であると判断される | considered as a bar to novelty |
| 障害の原因 | ground for impediment |
| 商業の | commercial |
| 商業的成功(拒絶理由に反論するために主張されることがある) commercial success |
|
| 商慣習 | commercial practice[custom, usage] →業務 |
| 状況 | state, conditions, status, situation |
| 出願の法的状況 | legal status of an application |
| 審査状況伺い書 | status letter, status inquiry |
| 状況証拠(間接証拠) | circumstantial evidence |
| 出願の進展状況を監視する | to watch the proceedings of [development in] an application |
| 本件の状況を4ないし6カ月間隔で報告 | We will report the status of this case at four to six months intervals |
| 承継 | succession |
| (権利を)承継する | to succeed (to the right of) |
| 特許を受ける権利を承継した人 | a person who has succeeded to the right to patent |
| 承継人 | successor, assignor |
| 一般承継 | general succession [assignment] |
| 権利承継 [相続] 人 | successor in title |
| 特許権者の権利の承継人 | successor in title to [of] the patentee |
| 確定審決は当事者及びその承継人に対して効力が及ぶ An irrevocable trial decision is binding on the parties, and those who have succeeded to them→相続、→一般承継 |
|
| 証言 | testimony |
| 法廷で証言する | to give testimony [to testify] in the court |
| 証人の証言によって立証された | verified by the testimony of the witness |
| 条件 | condition(s) |
| 特許の登録条件 | conditions for patentability |
| 条件を満たす | to comply with [meet] the conditions (set forth in Article 37) |
| 証拠 | evidence, proof, witness |
| 証拠調べ | taking [examination] of evidence |
| 証拠調べをする | to take [examine] evidence |
| 証拠調べの手続 | proceedings relating to the taking of evidence |
| 証拠書類 | documentary evidence, documentary proof, voucher |
| 証拠書類の提出 | production of documentary evidence |
| 証拠保全 | preservation [perpetuation, conservation] of evidence |
| 証拠を保全する | to preserve the evidence |
| 証拠方法 | method of evidence, means of evidence, means of proof |
| 証拠の表示 | indication of evidence |
| 証拠の有効日付(発行日) | effective date of evidence |
| 甲第1号証 | Demandant's Exhibit No. 1 |
| 乙第1号証 | Demandee's Exhibit No. 1 |
| 証拠不十分 | in the absence of firm evidence |
| 立証する、証拠を提出する | to produce evidence |
| 理由を裏づける証拠 | evidence in support of the reasons |
| 重複証拠 | cumulative evidence |
| 物的証拠 | real evidence |
| 検証 | inspection of evidence |
| 証拠を提出する機会 | opportunity to present evidence |
| 確証、反論を許さない証拠 | conclusive evidence |
| 反証 | evidence to the contrary |
| 証言する | to give evidence |
| 最良の証拠 | best evidence |
| 証拠の価値 | weight of evidence |
| 証拠の審理 | hearing of evidence |
| 証拠能力のある証拠 | admissible evidence |
| 証拠開示手続 | (米。ディスカバリー) discovery:米国において、法廷外で、当事者間で互いに事件に関する情報を開示し収集することを目的として、審判(trial)前に行われる情報収集手続 |
| 条項 | stipulation, articles, clauses [各項] provision, terms |
| 契約書に〜の旨の条項を加える | add to the contract a clause to the effect that |
| 商号 | trade name, commercial name, firm name |
| 照合 | check, comparison |
| 照合欄 | check list |
| 譲受人 (権利を譲渡された者) |
assignee |
| (出願の)譲受人(承継人) | assignee (of an application) |
| 証書 | deed, document, certificate (証明書) |
| 譲渡証書 | deed of assignment |
| 証書を作成する | to prepare [execute] a deed |
| 公正証書を作成する | to make a notarial deed |
| 消尽 | exhaustion |
| 権利の消尽、用尽 | exhaustion of right:特許製品を販売すると、それ以後その製品には特許権の効力が及ばない、とする理論 |
| 上申書 | petition →申請書 |
| 勝訴する | to win [lose] the case |
| 勝訴(敗訴) | |
| 勝訴者 | successful party, prevailing party: cf. losing party(敗訴者) |
| 上訴、上告 | appeal |
| 上訴裁判所 | appeals court |
| 上訴人(原告) | appellant:appeal (上訴、控訴)する者; cf. appellee(上訴の被告側) |
| 上訴裁判所 | appellate court:下級裁判所からの上訴事件(appeal)を審理する上級裁判所 |
| 冗長なクレーム、長過ぎるクレーム | prolix claim |
| 過多クレーム(多すぎるクレーム | multiplicity claim |
| 小特許 (オーストラリア、最長存続期間は6年) |
petty patent |
| 承諾 | consent, approval |
| 承諾書 | letter of consent |
| 明示の承諾なしに | without his express approval |
| 譲渡 | transfer, assignment, alienation |
| 譲渡する | to assign (a patent right to), to transfer |
| 譲渡人 | assignor |
| 被譲渡人 (譲受人) | assignee |
| 特許権を譲渡 | to assign a patent right to |
| 譲渡契約 | assignment contract, contract to assign |
| 譲渡の効力が生じない | the assignment does not take effect |
| 譲渡の効力を認める | admit the validity of the assignment |
| 一部譲渡、(指定商品毎の)分割譲渡 | partial assignment |
| 譲渡は法的には公式に登録された日から有効 An assignment is legally effective from the date it is officially registered |
|
| AからBに譲渡しついでBからCに移転 A right is assigned by A to B and then transferred by B to C →譲渡証、→移転 |
|
| 譲渡証 | assignment deed, deed of assignment |
| 譲渡証本文の例 | I do hereby declare that I am the sole owner of the following registered
patent and that I have assigned the entire right, title and interest in
and to said registered patent unto A or its successors →譲渡 |
| 証人 | witness |
| 証人尋問 | examination of witness |
| 敵性証人(相手方証人) | adverse witness |
| 目撃証人 | eye witness |
| 証人の手当 | witness fee |
| 証人を出す | to produce witness |
| 証人喚問 | to call witness |
| 商標 | trademark |
| 類似商標 | similar trademarks |
| 連合商標 | associated trademark |
| 立体商標 | three-dimensional trademark |
| 図形商標 | figure trademark, trademark shown in drawing, device mark, picture mark |
| 著名商標 | well-known trademark |
| 結合商標 | composite trademark |
| 慣用商標 | commonly used trademark |
| 音響商標 | sound [radiophonic] trademark |
| 有名商標 | famous trademark |
| 外国商標 | foreign trademark |
| 色彩商標 | trademark in colors |
| 語からなる商標 | trademark consisting of words |
| 識別力を欠く商標 | trademark lacking distinctiveness |
| 混同を生じさせる商標 | trademark likely to cause confusion |
| 商標見本 | specimen of a trademark |
| 商標類似 | similarity of trademark |
| に類似する商標 | trademark similar to |
| 不使用商標取消審判 | trial for cancellation of a registered trademark not in use |
| 商標の更新 | trademark renewal |
| 商標登録簿 | trademark register |
| 商標公報 | trademark journal |
| 商標を付した商品 | wares [goods] bearing a trademark |
| 商標によって保護される商品 | wares [goods] protected by a trademark |
| 商標の保護範囲の判定 | judgement on the extent of protection of the trademark |
| 商標の国際登録 | international registration of trademarks |
| 商標権 | trademark right, right of a trademark |
| 商標権者 | trademark right holder, owner of a trademark, proprietor of the trademark |
| 商標権の取消 | cancellation of a trademark right |
| 商標権を取消す | to strike out a trademark right |
| 商標権設定登録の日 | the day of registration of the creation of the trademark right |
| 会社所有の商標権は、清算によっては消滅しない a trademark right owned by a corporation is not extinguished by dissolution of the corporation |
|
| 商標権の希薄(希釈)化 | dilution of trademark right |
| 商標権取消事由 | the grounds for cancellation of a trademark registration |
| 商標登録条約 | TRT, Trademark Registration Treaty |
| 商標法 | Trademark Law |
| 商品(商標法上の) | goods |
| 商品区分 | class of goods |
| 商品の品質基準 | criterion of the quality of the goods |
| 商品分類 | classification of goods and services |
| 商品の類似 | similarity of goods |
| 真正商品 | genuine goods |
| 取引商品 | article of commerce |
| 商法 | Commercial Code, Commercial Law |
| 情報 | information |
| 情報検索 | information retrieval |
| 情報開示義務:審査上助けになる情報を開示する義務 duty of disclosure | |
| 情報開示陳述書(米)(=審査資料申出書、先行技術供述書) IDS, information disclosure statement, disclosure statement →情報提供 |
|
| 情報提供 | (日) offer [presentation] of information, information statement:出願公開後、特許すべきでないと考える第三者が特許査定を阻止すべく先行文献を提供する制度 |
| 第三者は情報提供制度により、先行文献を審査官に提出できる a third party can submit a prior art document to the Examiner by an information statement system |
|
| 抄本 | partial copy, abstract copy, extract of [from], abridged copy |
| 訴訟記録の正本、謄本叉は抄本 | an original, a copy or an extract from the record of the case |
| 証明 | certification, verification(立証) |
| 証明書、証書 | certificate |
| 印鑑証明書 | certificate of a seal-impression |
| 出願証明書 | filing certificate |
| 受領証 | certificate of receipt |
| 預金証書 | certificate of deposit |
| 公証人がその署名(の真実性)を証明した | a notary attested the signature |
| を証明する第三者による証明書 | a certificate from a disinterested party attesting to |
| を証明する事実を示す証拠 | a witness giving facts proving that |
| の事実を証明する証明書を出願に添付しなければならない must accompany the application with a certificate attesting to the fact of |
|
| 証明標章 | (米) certification mark |
| 消滅する | to expire, to lapse(効力を失う) |
| 権利が消滅する | the right becomes extinct |
| 満期により消滅 | patent has expired after having enjoyed the full patent term |
| 消滅した特許 | lapsed patent |
| 特許権の消滅後であっても | even after the extinction of the patent right |
| 正面図 | front (elevational) view |
| 条約 | convention, treaty 例:パリ条約(Paris Convention), 特許協力条約(Patent Cooperation
Treaty), 欧州特許条約(European Patent Convention), 特許法条約(Patent Law Treaty) |
| 省令 | ministerial order[ordinance] |
| 抄録 | extract, abstract (of the disclosure) |
| 職権で (職務上当然に) | ex officio |
| 職権 | official competence, official power |
| 職権で期間延長をする | to extend the time limit by ex officio |
| 職権尋問 | interrogation by ex officio |
| 職権審理主義 | principle of proceeding by ex officio |
| 職権訂正 | correction by ex officio |
| 職権乱用 | misfeasance |
| 食品衛生法 | Food Sanitation Law |
| 植物 | plant |
| 植物特許 | plant patent |
| 植物品種権 | plant variety right |
| 植物新品種保護に関する同盟 | UPOV (Union pour la Protection des Obtantions Vegetales) |
| 植物種の名称 | denomination of a plant variety |
| 植物種属 | botanical genus |
| 職務発明 | invention in service、service invention; cf. 従業者発明 employee's invention |
| 使用者に専用実施権が設定された場合、発明者は相当の対価の支払いを受ける権利を有する if an exclusive license is granted to the employer, the inventor is entitled to (receive) reasonable consideration |
|
| 使用者は職務発明について通常実施権を有する an employer has a right to an ordinary license on an invention in service | |
| 書式 | form, format |
| 表題、キャプション(写真などの説明文)、本文、及びその他の要素のフォントと書式を設定する(ワープロ) set the font and format of headings, captions, body copy and other elements |
|
| 書式を充たす | fill in forms |
| 書誌事項 | bibliographic items [data, elements] |
| 書誌の | bibliographic |
| 除斥 | exclusion, disqualification |
| 除斥する | to exclude, to disqualify |
| 除斥原因 | grounds for exclusion |
| 除斥(忌避)の申立 | motion for exclusion (refusal) |
| 審判官の除斥、忌避 | exclusion or refusal of a trial examiner |
| 所定の | prescribed, predetermined |
| 所定の手数料 | prescribed fee |
| 所定の基準日 | prescribed relevant date |
| 所定の言語 | prescribed language |
| 所定の方式 | prescribed formalities |
| 所定の要件 | prescribed requirements |
| 所定期間内に | within a time [period] provided for |
| 処分 | disposition |
| 処分する | to dispose (of) |
| 無効処分 | (the application is) dealt with as invalid |
| 処分順序 | order of handling |
| 書面 | written statement, document, paper, written instrument |
| 書面により、書面で | in writing |
| 書面で出願人に通知 | to give notice in writing to the applicant |
| その審判は書面により行われる | the trial is conducted in writing |
| 書面により証明する | to prove in writing |
| 書面によって表明する | to express in writing |
| 書面による相互の明示的合意 | mutual express consent in writing |
| 書面主義 | principle of documentary proceeding |
| 書面手続 | paper procedure |
| が署名した書面で確認されない限り | unless informed in writing signed by |
| 書面契約 | written contract |
| 書面による開示 | written disclosure |
| 書面による通知 | written notification |
| 書面による手続 | written proceedings →書面審理 |
| 書面審理 | documentary trial examination, trial in writing |
| 〜のほか全ての審判は慣習的に書面審理により行われる all trials are customarily conducted on the basis of written documents except 〜 |
|
| 所有の | proprietary |
| 所有権 | proprietary right, right of ownership, property |
| 所有者 | proprietor, owner; cf. co-proprietor(共有者) |
| 発明の所有者 | owner of an invention |
| 法的に発明の所有権を継承 | to succeed legally to the ownership of the invention |
| 所有権の変更 | change of ownership, transfer of ownership |
| 処理(する) | process;(扱う)deal, treat, handle; (対処する)deal with, cope with; (解決する) settle,
dispose of |
| 事件を処理する負担を節約 | to spare the trouble of processing the case |
| 本件の処理 | to take care of this case |
| 資料 | material, data |
| 参考資料 | reference material |
| 調査資料 | search documentation |
| 資料収集 | reference collection |
| 資料課 | reference department |
| 工業所有権資料館 | Industrial Property Library |
| 指令 | invitation, directive, order |
| 指令書 | written directive [invitation] |
| 答弁指令 | invitation to a reply |
| 補正指令 | invitation for amendment |
| 特許庁からの指令にもとづき | upon invitation by the Patent Office |
| 事例 | instance, example, case, precedent (先例) |
| 事例研究 | case study |
| 事例研究方式(事例などを検討し、その中から一般的な法理を導き出す方法) case method |
|
| 侵害 | infringement |
| 侵害する | to infringe (on) |
| 特許を侵害する | to infringe a patent |
| 侵害訴訟 | infringement suit |
| 侵害とみなされる行為 | act deemed to be an infringement |
| 侵害の罪 | offense of infringement |
| 文言上の侵害(文理解釈による侵害) | literal infringement; cf. infringement under the doctrine of equivalents(均等論による侵害) |
| 侵害教唆 | inducing infringement |
| 一部侵害 | partial infringement |
| 侵害訴訟 | infringement suit [litigation] |
| 善意の侵害 | innocent infringement |
| 特許を侵害から守る | to hold the patent harmless against infringement |
| 侵害から保護されるよう常に注意 | must be constantly alert to protect from infringement |
| 侵害を最初に知った日から | from date of first knowledge of the infringement |
| 侵害しようと考えている他人をひるませる | to scare off others who are thinking about infringement |
| 参考:米国では特許侵害訴訟は、原告が連邦地方裁判所に訴状を提出することによって開始され、訴答手続(pleadings)、証拠開示手続(discovery)、審判(trial)、判決(judgement)の経過を辿る。不服の場合、CAFCに控訴できる。日本では地裁、高裁、最高裁の経路を辿る |
|
| 侵害者 | infringer |
| 侵害者に対して訴訟をおこす | proceed against an infringer |
| 新規事項 | new matter |
| 新規事項の追加 | addition of a new matter |
| 出願時の明細書に明示されていない事項は新規事項として扱われる All matter which is not explicitly described in the specification of the application as originally filed is treated as new matter |
|
| 日本では新規事項追加の要件は、係属出願や一部係属出願の制度がないため米国よりも限定されている Requirements for adding new matter in Japan is more restrictive than in the U.S. in that Japan has no system corresponding to continuation or continuation-in-part applications |
|
| 新規事項の追加は審査段階では拒絶理由となり、見のがされた場合には後の段階で異議理由あるいは無効理由となる Addition of new matter will constitute a reason for rejection at the examination stage or, if overlooked there, a reason for opposition or invalidation at a later stage |
|
| もとの明細書に記載されていない事項から直接かつ明瞭に引き出すことのできないすべての事項は、新規事項とみなされる All matter not directly and unambiguously derivable from the matter described in the specification as originally filed is deemed new matter →要旨変更 |
|
| 新規性 | novelty |
| 発明の新規性 | novelty of an invention |
| 出願すべきかどうかを決定するため新規性調査をする to conduct a novelty search to determine whether or not the application is to be filed |
|
| 新規性がない | (the invention) lacks novelty(by the reference) |
| 新規性阻却事由 | reasons to be a bar to novelty →新規性喪失の例外 |
| 新規性喪失の例外 | exception to loss of novelty |
| 30条による新規性喪失の例外を主張 | to claim exception to loss of novelty under Art. 30 |
| 公開が行われなかったように扱われる | the application will be handled as if no disclosure has been made |
| 信義則 | principle of faith and trust, fair and equitable principle(s) |
| 取引の信義則に背反する | a conduct contravening fair principles of trade |
| 審決 | trial decision, decision by trial |
| 審決をする | to render a trial decision |
| 審決却下 | dismissal by trial decision |
| 審決に対する訴え | suit against trial decision |
| 審決取消訴訟 | suit against appeal [trial] decision, suit for canceling trial decision |
| 審決取消し判決 | to give a judgement for revocation of the trial decision |
| 審決の確定 | conclusion of appeal [trial] decision |
| 特許審決 | decision in trial to patent |
| 拒絶審決 | decision in trial to reject |
| 審決の確定する前に | before the trial decision has become final and conclusive |
| その審決が確定した時 | When the trial decision thereon has become fully binding |
| 審決の取消事由 | grounds for canceling a trial decision |
| 審決は我々に不利 | the trial examiners' decision is against us |
| 審決に対して東京高裁へ出訴 | to bring a suit before the Tokyo High Court against the trial decision
→審決書 |
| 審決書 | trial examiners decision, trial decision, written appeal [trial] decision,
decision by trial |
| (審決書記載例) 拒絶査定を取消す。本出願の発明は特許すべきものとする。 The final decision of rejection is revoked. It is hereby decided [recognized] that the invention of this application should be patented. . .( Further, no other reason for rejection of this application can be found. Therefore, this case has been decided as mentioned in the above conclusion) →審決 |
|
| 進行 | progress |
| 進行中の業務 | work in progress |
| 親告罪 | offense subject to prosecution on complaint |
| 審査 | examination |
| 審査する | to examine |
| 審査に係属 | to be pending with the examination |
| 審査請求 | request for substantive examination |
| 審査中の出願 | application under examination |
| 審査請求をする | to make [file, lodge] a request for substantive examination |
| 審査基準 | examination criteria, examination standard, rules of examination, examination guideline |
| 審査主義 | substantive examination principle |
| 審査結果 | examination outcome |
| 出願時の審査(方式審査) | examination on filing |
| 早期審査 | (米 MPEP708.02) advanced examination |
| 優先審査 | preferential examination →優先 |
| 審査状況伺い書 | status letter, status inquiry |
| 審査過程中に | in the course of examination |
| 審査請求は出願から3年以内、則ち〜までに行うことができる A substantive examination can be requested within three years from the filing date, i.e., by 〜 |
|
| 審査部 | examining section, examination board |
| 審査報告書 | examination report |
| 審査官 | examiner |
| 分類審査官 | classification examiner |
| 方式審査官 | formality examiner |
| 実体審査官 | substance examiner |
| 審査官による前置審査 | reexamination by the examiner before trial |
| 審査官補 | assistant examiner |
| 審査官の手を離れる | the application leaves the examiner's hand |
| 審査官の負担を減じる | to reduce the workload of examiners |
| 審査官の見解の変化 | change in the opinion of the Examiner |
| 審査長、主審査官 | Examiner-in-chief |
| 審査前置 | 日) pretrial reexamination, reexamination by the Examiner before trial,
reexamination before trial =前置審査:審判請求と共に補正があった場合、審判官による審判に先立って審査官がする再審査 |
| 前置が解除され本件は審判に移行した a pretrial reexamination was released and the case was transferred to the Trial Board; The application was released from the pretrial examination and was transferred to the Board of Appeal Trial |
|
| 心証 | conviction |
| 審尋 | questioning, interrogation, hearing →尋問 |
| 申請書 | petition, a written request, request(申請) |
| 申請人 | petitioner |
| 真正な | authentic, true |
| 真正な謄本 | true[authentic] copy |
| (内容が)真正であること | authenticity 例:to doubt the authenticity of any signature(署名の真実性について疑義をもつ) |
| 上記は原本の真正な写しであることをここに証明 I hereby certify that the above is a true copy of the original |
|
| 信託 | trust |
| 進展 | development, progress, advance |
| 進展を監視する | To watch developments in an application |
| データベースにはそれ以上の進展は記録されていない no further development has been recorded in the database →経過 |
|
| 親等 | degree :兄弟は1親等(first degree)、祖父母と孫は2親等(second degree) |
| 審判 | (1) appeal trial(査定系:拒絶査定・補正不服審判) |
| (2) trial(当事者系:特許無効・訂正無効審判) |
|
| 審判を行う | to conduct a trial |
| 審判手続 | trial proceedings |
| 審判請求 | demand for trial |
| 審判請求する | to demand an appeal trial (against the Examiner's rejection) |
| 審判請求書 | demand for appeal trial, notice of trial, Notice of Appeal(米):(参)審判[アピール]参照 |
| 審判請求理由補充書 | trial brief, Appeal Brief (米。37CFR 1.136a) |
| 審判請求人 | demandant of a trial |
| 審判に係属 | to be pending at the Trial Board |
| 審決 | trial decision |
| 審判手続 | trial proceedings |
| 審判当事者 | party to a trial |
| 不公平な審判 | unjust trial |
| 拒絶査定に対して審判を請求 | to demand an appeal trial against the Examiner's final rejection |
| 審判の請求期限 | time limit for demanding an appeal trial |
| (参)審判[アピール]:米国において最終拒絶されたクレームについてこれを不服ととしてBoard of Patent Appeals and Interferences
(特許審判、抵触部)に対して請求する不服申立手段(35USC 134)。この審決に不服の場合、連邦地裁またはCAFCに提訴できる →審判官、→審判部、→審理 |
|
| 審判官 | trial examiner(s), collegial body of trial examiners(審判官の合議体) |
| 審判長 | trial examiner-in-chief, presiding Examiner in trial |
| 原審査官を除く3人の審判官の合議体により審査される the application is examined by a panel of three trial examiners not including the original examiner |
|
| 審判官室 | chamber of trial examiners →審判、→審理、→審判部 |
| 審判部 | Patent Office Trial Department, Board of Trial, Trial Board, Board of Appeal
(EPOの審判部) |
| 特許庁審判部は米国特許実務における「審判部」に対応する The Patent Office Trial Board corresponds to what is called "Board of Appeals" in the U.S. patent practice |
|
| 審美的な | →美的な |
| 進歩性 | inventive step (of the invention over the prior art) : 特許要件の一つ。当業者が出願時の技術水準に基ずいて容易に創作できない程度の発明であること |
| ある分野で公知の方法を関連分野における同様な問題解決のために適用することは、進歩性がないとみなされる No inventive step is recognized in applying a method known in one field to solve a similar problem in a related field →非自明性 |
|
| 尋問、審尋 | interrogation |
| 尋問書 | interrogatory, interrogation, questionnaire |
| 尋問する | question |
| 誘導尋問 | leading question |
| 反対尋問(交互尋問) | cross examination |
| 審判当事者が鑑定人尋問の許可を得た | the party to a trial obtained permission to interrogate an expert witness |
| 信用 | reputation, (業務上の) reputation in business, business credit |
| 信用回復の措置 | measures for the recovery of reputation |
| 業務上の信用を回復するための措置をとることを命ずる to order the infringer to take action to restore the patentee's commercial reputation |
|
| 審理 | trial examination |
| 審理する(口頭審理の) | to conduct a hearing |
| 審理を終結する | to conclude a trial examination |
| 審理終結通知 | notice of conclusion of a trial examination |
| 審理開始前に | before the trial takes place 審判、→審判官 |












